Implementasi Ratifikasi Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Right (Trips Agremeent) terhadap Politik Hukum di Indonesia

Penelitian Yuridis normatif ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji ratifikasi perjanjian internasional terkait Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HAKI) apakah sudah sesuai dengan kondisi politik hukum di Indonesia.  HAKI merupakan hak ekslusif yang tumbuh dari hasil olah pikir rasio manusia yang diekspresikan kepada khalayak umum dalam berbagai bentuk barang dan jasa, yang mengandung manfaat dan berguna dalam menunjang kebutuhan hidup umat manusia, serta mempunyai nilai ekonomi dan nilai moral. Indonesia adalah negara yang menandatangani kesepakatan terhadap pembentukan organisasi perdagangan dunia (World Trade Organization).  Perjanjian yang ditandatangai oleh Indonesia yang terkait dengan aspek perdagangan internasional yang berhubungan dengan HAKI adalah Agreement on Trade Related Aspect Of Intellectual Property Right (Trips Agreement), yang telah diratifikasi oleh Pemerintah Indonesia ke dalam Undang-Undang No. 7 Tahun 1994 tentang Pengesahan Agreement Establishing The World Trade Organization (Persetujuan Pembentukan Organisasi Perdagangan Dunia). Penelitian menemukan fakta bahwa ratifikasi perjanjian internasional ini menimbulkan dampak yang dapat mempengaruhi iklim politik hukum di Indonesia. Seharusnya kesepakatan dalam ratifikasi TRIPs Agreement ke dalam hukum nasional disesuaikan dengan politik hukum bangsa Indonesia, sehingga implementasi ratifikasi perjanjian internasional HAKI terhadap politik hukum di Indonesia berjalan dalam koridor yang sesuai

Perlindungan Konsumen dalam Pemanfaatan Big Data oleh Pelaku Bisnis di Indonesia: Tinjauan Terhadap Regulasi dan Implementasi Praktik Bisnis

The state must protect consumer rights for consumers to get legal assurance in business. The rapid development of business transactions using electronic media has become a trend in various circles. Users are required to input data in the identity verification form when conducting business transactions online in various marketplaces. Due to this regulation, electronic or e-commerce service providers are required to safeguard personal user data. Various electronic or e-commerce service providers store data in Big Data, including the user's data. The problem in this research was how to protect consumers using Big Data by business actors in Indonesia. This type of research was normative juridical research which examined several related laws and regulations. The results showed that if someone's data was transferred without prior permission, the owner might submit a lawsuit to compensate the court. This was stated in Article 26, paragraph (2) of Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions. However, the obstacle was the difficulty of proving in the civil court process in Indonesia, such as technical complexity and perpetrators of crimes often have better skills than victims or investigators. Consumers will legally dispute the alleged leakage of personal data as people with personal data. Therefore, the concept of the right to be forgotten or the right to delete privacy appears

KAJIAN TERHADAP AKAD MURABAHAH DENGAN KUASA MEMBELI DALAM PRAKTEK BANK SYARIAH

Murabahah is a buying and selling contract between two parties in which the first party, the seller (bai’) has an obligation to sell goods needed by customers. The second party is the buyer (musytari). This party is obliged to pay the goods purchased. In murabahah, the first party or the seller (bai’) informs the customers about the cost of goods sold along with the agreed profit. Murabahah is commonly used in Islamic bank financing practices especially murabahah with buying authority. In this practice, akad (contract) murabahah and authorization contract are merged in one contract. This means that the seller will automatically become the party who gives authorization and the buyer becomes the party who receives authorization. The problem of the research is how the murabahah contract with buying authority is applied in Islamic bank financing which accords with Islamic principles. The type of the research is juridical normative by using legal approach. This research used primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials as the main source. The analysis method used was descriptive method. The research result indicates that the merging of both murabahah contract and buying authority contract are approved to be correct according to Islamic principles. However, it must be conducted carefully since there has to be clear differentiator between when the murabahah contract and when authorization contract take place. Other than that, there has to be clear from several parties between the rights and obligations of the parties involved in murabahah contract and buying authority. In the financing practice with buying authority, banks are the seller when murabahah contract takes place and customers are the buyers. Meanwhile, in buying authority contract, banks are the principals and customers are the agents. Murabahah contract is conducted after buying authority contract takes place